Kwimeko ehlala iguquguquka yoshishino lweemoto, enye into engenakuphikiswa iyabonakala - ukuhla okuqhubekayo kwixabiso leemoto zombane (EVs).Ngelixa kukho izinto ezininzi ezinegalelo kolu tshintsho, esona sizathu siphambili siyabonakala: ukuhla kwexabiso lebhetri enika amandla ezi zithuthi.Eli nqaku lihlolisisa izizathu ezibangela ukuhla kwamaxabiso ezithuthi zombane, kugxininisa imfuneko yokukhuthaza utyalo-mali olongezelelweyo kwimveliso yebhetri kunye nemveliso.
Iibhetri: Amandla Ngasemva kweXabiso
Intliziyo yesithuthi sombane yibhetri yayo, kwaye ayimangalisi into yokuba iindleko zezi bhetri zinempembelelo enkulu kwiindleko zesithuthi.Enyanisweni, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha (malunga ne-51%) yeendleko ze-EV zibalelwa kwi-powertrain, equka ibhetri, iimoto, kunye nee-electronics ezihamba nazo.Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-injini yokutsha kwiimoto zesintu yenza kuphela malunga nama-20% exabiso lilonke lesithuthi.
Ukungena nzulu ekuwohlokeni kweendleko zebhetri, malunga ne-50% yayo yabelwa iiseli zebhetri ye-lithium-ion ngokwazo.I-50% eseleyo ibandakanya amacandelo ahlukeneyo, njengezindlu, iingcingo, iinkqubo zokulawula ibhetri, kunye nezinye izinto ezinxulumene nazo.Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ixabiso leebhetri ze-lithium-ion, eziqeshwe ngokubanzi kwi-electronics kunye nee-EVs, zibone ukuhla kwexabiso okuphawulekayo kwe-97% ukususela ekuqalisweni kwabo kwezorhwebo ngo-1991.
Izinto ezintsha kwiIbhetriIKhemistri: Ukuqhuba phantsiEV Iindleko
Kukhangelo lwezithuthi zombane ezifikelelekayo, izinto ezintsha kwikhemistri yebhetri zidlale indima ebalulekileyo.Imeko yokutshintsha kweqhinga likaTesla kwiibhetri ezingenayo i-cobalt kwiimoto zayo zeModel 3.Olu tshintsho lukhokelele ekwehleni okumangalisayo kwamaxabiso entengiso, kunye nokuhla kwexabiso le-10% e-China kunye nokuhla kwexabiso okubaluleke ngakumbi nge-20% e-Australia.Ukuqhubela phambili okunjalo kuluncedo ekwenzeni ii-EVs zikwazi ukukhuphisana ngeendleko, zandisa ngakumbi isibongozo sazo kubathengi.
Indlela eya kwiParity yeXabiso
Ukulingana kwexabiso kunye neenqwelo zokutsha zangaphakathi yiGrail eNgcwele yokwamkelwa kwesithuthi sombane.Lo mzuzu ubalulekileyo uqikelelwa ukuba uya kwenzeka xa ixabiso leebhetri ze-EV liwela ngaphantsi kwe-100 yeedola nge-kilowatt-yure.Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba iingcaphephe zeshishini, ngokweziqikelelo zeBloombergNEF, zilindele ukuba esi siganeko sibalulekileyo sifikelelwe ngonyaka ka-2023.
AmaNyathelo kaRhulumente kunye noPhuhliso lweZiseko zoPhuhliso
Ngaphaya kwenkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe, inkxaso karhulumente kunye nophuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwehliseni amaxabiso e-EV.Ngokucacileyo, i-China ithathe amanyathelo abukhali okwandisa inethiwekhi yokutshaja ye-EV, kunye nezikhululo zokutshaja ezili-112,000 ezifakwe ngoDisemba 2020 kuphela.Olu tyalo-mali ekuhlawuleni iziseko zophuhliso luyimfuneko ekwenzeni izithuthi zombane zibe lula kwaye zifikeleleke.
Ukukhuthaza uTyalo-mali kwiIbhetriUkuvelisa
Ukuqhubela phambili umkhwa wokuhla kwamaxabiso e-EV kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kolu tshintsho, ukukhuthaza utyalo-mali kwimveliso yeebhetri kubaluleke kakhulu.Njengoko imveliso yebhetri ikhula, uqoqosho lwesikali luya kunciphisa ngakumbi iindleko zebhetri.Oku kuya kukhokelela kwizithuthi zombane ezifikelelekayo, kutsalwa uluhlu olubanzi lwabathengi, kwaye ekugqibeleni kukhuthaze ikamva lemoto elicocekileyo nelizinzileyo.
Ukuqukumbela, ukuhla kweendleko zezithuthi zombane ngokuyintloko kuqhutywa yindleko yokuncipha kweebhetri.Inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, izinto ezintsha kwikhemistri yebhetri, kunye nenkxaso karhulumente kuphuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo zonke zizinto ezinegalelo.Ukwandisa ngakumbi ukufikeleleka kunye nokufikeleleka kwezithuthi zombane, ukukhuthaza utyalo-mali kwimveliso yeebhetri kunye nokunyusa imveliso kubalulekile.Le nzame yentsebenziswano ayizukuqhuba ezantsi amaxabiso kuphela kodwa ikwakhawulezisa inguqu yehlabathi kwizisombululo zothutho ezicocekileyo nezizinzileyo.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-03-2023
